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[Diabetes]

“Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to make insulin, or when the body cannot make good use of the insulin it produces.”

Overview

Diabetes currently affects 463 million adults worldwide with 1 in 2 adults going undiagnosed. In 2015, diabetes was the 7th leading cause of death in the US, while it accounted for 11% of all death in Australia by 2017.

The current solutions for treating diabetes are undoubtedly detrimental to the qualities of life for the patients. These include daily injections or insulin pumps for those who can afford them, but both of them require constant monitoring of the patients’ glucose level. The only solution that has showed promise in the last years is pancreas and islet transplantation, neither of which is cheap or sustainable.

• 10% of global medical expenditure is 760 Billion USD (2019)

• The shares of two major companies interested in Diabetes solutions (DexCom and Insulet) rose 82.6% and 116% (Nasdaq 2020)

• The number of people with diabetes has risen from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014. (WHO)

• In 2016, an estimated 1.6 million deaths were directly caused by diabetes. Another 2.2 million deaths were attributable to high blood glucose in 2012**.(WHO)

[NASH]

“Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is liver inflammation and damage caused by a buildup of fat in the liver. It is part of a group of conditions called nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.”

Overview

• Progression of Liver Damages:

  Healthy Liver > Steatosis > NASH > Cirrhosis > Liver Cancer

• Over the 10-year forecast period, the NASH market is expected to grow significantly at a CAGR of 45.0%, reaching around $25.3 billion in 2026. The major driver for this growth will be the launch of NASH-specific drugs, which will start entering the market around 2021. (“OpportunityAnalyzer: NASH – Opportunity Analysis and Forecasts to 2026.” p.138 GlobalData Report Store, May 2017, store.globaldata.com/report/gdhc068poa--opportunityanalyzer-nash-opportunity-analysis-and-forecasts-to-2026/)

• There are no U.S. Food and Drug Administration or European Medicines Agency approved medicines for NASH, but numerous therapies under clinical investigation.

• Currently, those who have NASH are encouraged to commit to lifestyle changes, including altering their diet to remove fatty, cholesterol-laden foods and replace them with lean protein, healthy fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products. In addition to a healthier diet, those with NASH are encouraged to exercise regularly to reduce fat and maintain a healthy weight. (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Definition and Facts of NAFLD and NASH. Updated November 2016. Accessed November 3, 2017.)

• According to the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) report in 2019, there are 2 million deaths from liver disease each year, of which 1 million deaths due to liver cirrhosis, but less than 1/10 of the organ transplant needs are met. Hence, it is critically in demand for a new effective treatment that is more widely available for the patients.